Mg2+ improves biomass production from soybean wastewater using purple non-sulfur bacteria

Soybean wastewater was used to generate biomass resource by use of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). This study investigated the enhancement of PNSB cell accumulation in wastewater by Mg²⁺ under the light-anaerobic condition. Results showed that with the optimal Mg²⁺ dosage of 10 mg/L, biomass production was improved by 70% to 3630 mg/L, and biomass yield also was improved by 60%. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal reached above 86% and hydraulic retention time was shortened from 96 to 72 hr. The mechanism analysis indicated that Mg²⁺ could promote the content of bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthesis because Mg²⁺ is the bacteriochlorophyll active center, and thus improved adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. An increase of ATP production enhanced the conversion of organic matter in wastewater into PNSB cell materials (biomass yield) and COD removal, leading to more biomass production. With 10 mg/L Mg²⁺, bacteriochlorophyll content and ATP production were improved by 60% and 33% respectively.     

UV-Fenton氧化预处理聚醚废水研究

采用UV-Fenton氧化法对聚醚废水预处理,通过正交和单因素试验探讨了H2O2投加量、Fe2+投加量、p H值及光照时间各因素对废水COD去除率的影响,确定p H值为3、H2O2投加量40 m L/L、n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)=9、光照时间90 min为最佳反应条件,COD去除率可达70%以上,经氧化预处理后废水的BOD/COD值由0.19提至0.37,可生化性较大提高,可满足后续生化处理的要求。     

化学沉淀组合电催化氧化处理脱硫废液技术研究

真空碳酸钾脱硫工艺碱洗段废液因含有高浓度硫化物、COD等有毒成分而影响焦化废水后续生物处理。以焦化企业实际碱洗段废液为研究对象,选用化学沉淀和电催化氧化的组合方式对其进行预处理。结果表明,室温下当氧化铜的投加量为65 g/L、反应时间60 min时废液中S2-去除率可达93%,且经过高温灼烧可实现Cu O沉淀剂的再生使用。沉淀后出水经电催化氧化处理,在电流10 A、电压4.9 V、电解时间120 min的条件下,出水COD可降至2 400 mg/L,满足常规生化系统进水的要求。     

改性活性炭纤维吸附炸药废水中TNT实验研究

本文研究了改性活性炭纤维对炸药废水中TNT的吸附行为。研究表明:1 mol/L HNO3改性的活性炭纤维吸附效果最好,其对炸药废水中TNT的最佳吸附条件为:吸附剂用量为0.6 g/25 m L,吸附平衡时间为60 min,升温有利于吸附进行。Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线均能较好地描述活性炭纤维对TNT的吸附,吸附动力学分析表明,吸附过程遵循准二级动力学规律。     

IC反应器处理制浆洗草废水的内循环状况

中试用内循环厌氧反应器处理制浆造纸厂的洗草废水,并探讨内循环系统的循环状况。试验表明,洗草水不适合进行深度厌氧处理,宜进行水解酸化。由于洗草废水的有机物浓度低,产气量小,反应器内循环系统仅产生了不连续的提升,液体提升量与产气量的比值在0.08~0.36,下降管中产生了间歇性回流,液体的流量达到了518.4~725.1 L/h。     

油田井场废水配制压裂液处理技术实验研究

针对油田井场废水高悬浮物、高色度、高金属离子浓度的特征,以处理后配制压裂液为目标,通过p H值调节及无机高分子絮凝法对井场废水进行了处理实验。结果表明,碳酸钠作为优选的p H值调节剂,可以在较低的p H值条件下有效去除废水中的高价金属离子;无机絮凝剂聚合硫酸铁在强碱性条件下对于悬浮物、色度的去除效果明显优于聚合氯化铝。聚合硫酸铁絮凝法可以使井场废水达到配制压裂液用水的要求。     

微波-混凝处理高炉煤气洗涤水的实验研究

本文探索了微波作为辅助手段处理高炉煤气洗涤水过程中,微波辐射功率、微波辐射时间、聚合氯化铝(PAC)加入量、磷酸加入量对高炉煤气洗涤废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,微波和PAC混凝联用处理高炉煤气洗涤废水具有作用时间短、聚沉能力强等特点,可以有效去除废水中悬浮物,降低硬度及浊度。     

自动电位滴定法测定烟气氨法脱硫模拟浆液中氯离子的研究

氯离子含量是氨法脱硫工艺中的一个重要监控指标,用自动电位滴定法测定氨法脱硫浆液中的氯离子。结果表明,实验加入乙醇有利于增大电位突跃幅度;pH值为3~5时实验结果准确;加标回收率为90%~110%;与莫尔法相比,测定结果准确度、精密度更高,且不受灰分颜色干扰;与离子色谱法测定结果准确度、精密度相近,但测定高浓度氯离子电位滴定法更有优势。     

活化改性半焦用于烟气脱硫催化剂制备工艺优化

为研究不同制备工艺条件下的烟气脱硫催化剂吸附去除烟气中硫化物的性能,采用硝酸活化的半焦脱硫剂,通过穿透时间和硫容评价所制备催化剂的脱硫性能.采用固定床反应器考察了催化剂表面基团酸碱性、催化剂成型的制备顺序、黏结剂和催化剂尺寸及负载金属氧化物等制备工艺条件对催化剂脱硫性能的影响.结果表明:原料半焦表面呈碱性,半焦经硝酸氧化改性后,表面呈酸性,高温煅烧可以使半焦表面酸性官能团分解成碱性官能团,催化剂表面净碱量越大,脱硫性能越好;采取先将半焦成型再进行高温煅烧、水气活化的工艺,脱硫活性更高;最适合的黏结剂为煤焦油;最佳的催化剂粒径为3mm;烟气中通入O2能显著提高半焦吸附催化剂的脱硫性能,O2体积分数以5％为宜,烟气中适量H2O是脱硫必不可少的条件,水汽体积分数以8％最佳;在催化剂制备过程中添加质量分数为1％的V2O5,可以明显改善催化剂的脱硫性能.     

Biological removal of antiandrogenic activity in gray wastewater and coking wastewater by membrane reactor process

A recombinant human androgen receptor yeast assay was applied to investigate the occurrence of antiandrogens as well as the mechanism for their removal during gray wastewater and coking wastewater treatment. The membrane reactor (MBR) system for gray wastewater treatment could remove 88.0% of antiandrogenic activity exerted by weakly polar extracts and 97.3% of that by moderately strong polar extracts, but only 32.5% of that contributed by strong polar extracts. Biodegradation by microorganisms in the MBR contributed to 95.9% of the total removal. After the treatment, the concentration of antiandrogenic activity in the effluent was still 1.05 μg flutamide equivalence (FEQ)/L, 36.2% of which was due to strong polar extracts. In the anaerobic reactor, anoxic reactor, and membrane reactor system for coking wastewater treatment, the antiandrogenic activity of raw coking wastewater was 78.6 mg FEQ/L, and the effluent of the treatment system had only 0.34 mg FEQ/L. The antiandrogenic activity mainly existed in the medium strong polar and strong polar extracts. Biodegradation by microorganisms contributed to at least 89.2% of the total antiandrogenic activity removal in the system. Biodegradation was the main removal mechanism of antiandrogenic activity in both the wastewater treatment systems.